How Does the Indonesian Labour of the Sandwich Generation Not Get Squeezed?

Abstract

This study analyses labour force participation in efforts to break sandwich generation through social and economic factors. The urgency of this study is to determine the factors that impact sandwich generation so that it can prepare demographic bonuses with positive perceptions regarding human resources and economic conditions. One of the demographic phenomena in Indonesia is the peak of the demographic bonus, which is predicted to occur in 2030. There is a negative perspective on demographic bonuses, including the increase in sandwich generation. The sandwich generation is financially higher than the non-sandwich generation. Previously several previous studies stated that efforts to get out of the sandwich generation were only sought by female labours. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on transforming workforce participation. A shift in gender labour participation could have broader implications. Changes in work relationships can also affect working couples. This study uses logistic regression analysis of 2022 National Socioeconomic Data (SUSENAS 2022). The research results show that the characteristics of the Indonesian labour participating in the non-agricultural sector can be caused by living conditions, gender, education level, digital conditions, access to finance and the guarantee of protection from the government.